This is not the first time that Indonesian officials have been rejected by immigration officers since they have not a Schengen visa. Some do not know that they need Schengen Visa, even for transit. So what is Schengen visa?
The name "Schengen" originates from a small town in Luxembourg. In June 1985, seven European Union countries signed a treaty to end internal border checkpoints and controls. More countries have joined the treaty over the past years. At present, there are 15 Schengen countries, all in Europe. The 15 Schengen countries are: Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Iceland, Italy, Greece, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain and Sweden. All these countries except Norway and Iceland are European Union members.
By having Schengen visa, the visa holder can travel to any (or all) member countries using one single visa, thus avoiding the hassle and expense of obtaining individual visas for each country. This is particularly beneficial for persons who wish to visit several European countries on the same trip. The Schengen visa is a “visitor visa”. It is issued to citizens of countries who are required to obtain a visa before entering Europe.
The purpose of the visit must be leisure, tourism, or business. Upon the issuance of the visa, the visa holder is allowed to enter all member countries and travel freely throughout the Schengen area. It is strongly recommended to plan your journey within the timeframe of the Schengen visa as extensions can be very difficult to obtain, thus forcing you to leave to stay in compliance with the Schengen rules and regulations. A Schengen visa allows the holder to travel freely within the Schengen countries for a maximum stay of up to 90 days in a 6 month period.
Since all Schengen countries are in Europe, people sometime a bit confuse with the European Union (EU). They are thinking that Schengen is identical with access to all EU countries. In fact, Schengen and EU are different. They were established by different agreement. As mentioned above, Schengen visa based on agreement signed in Schengen, ratified and implemented by 15 countries. While the establishment of the EU based on Treaty of Rome signed in 1957 by six founder countries: Belgium, France, Germany, Italy, Luxembourg and the Netherlands.
It’s mean that if you will visit EU countries, please consider carefully whether you need Schengen visa of not. If you will visit one of the 15 countries as mentioned above, you need Schengen visa. But if you have planned to visit other countries in Europe, such as United Kingdom, Ireland or Hungary, of course you need to apply their national visa. Otherwise, the immigration officer will not allow you to enter their country.